Stock Laws:
Overview of Stock Laws in Texas
In the State of Texas, stock laws regulate the containment of livestock to ensure the safety of the public and prevent damage to property. These laws vary from county to county and are governed by the Texas Agriculture Code. Texas operates under an “open range” default, meaning livestock owners are generally not required to fence their animals in. However, counties have the authority to adopt “closed range” laws, often referred to as “stock laws,” which require livestock to be confined within fences.
Authority to Adopt Stock Laws
Under Chapter 143 of the Texas Agriculture Code, counties may hold elections to adopt stock laws. If passed, these laws restrict certain livestock, such as cattle, horses, sheep, goats, or hogs, from roaming freely. Counties may also adopt localized stock laws specific to individual roadways or areas within the county.
Delta County, Texas Stock Laws
Delta County, Texas, has enacted stock laws that require livestock owners to confine their animals, preventing them from roaming freely. These regulations were established through elections held in the late 19th century:
• June 24, 1889: Adopted stock laws for hogs, sheep, and goats.
• September 18, 1891: Extended stock laws to include horses, mules, jacks, jennets, and cattle.
As a result, Delta County operates under a “closed range” system, obligating livestock owners to fence in their animals to prevent them from straying onto public roads or private properties. Failure to do so may result in liability for any damages caused by free-roaming livestock.
It’s important to note that, regardless of county stock laws, Texas state law prohibits livestock from roaming unattended along U.S. or state highways. Livestock owners may face legal consequences if their animals are found on such roadways.
For more detailed information or specific inquiries, livestock owners and residents should contact the Delta County Clerk’s Office or the Delta County Sheriff’s Office.